Beginning Windows development
Microsoft Windows or better known as Windows is a family of personal computer operating system developed by Microsoft that uses a graphical user interface (graphical user interface). The Windows operating system has evolved from the MS - DOS, an operating system and a text-based command-line mode. The first version of Windows, Windows Graphic Environment 1.0 was first introduced on November 10, 1983, but only out of the market in November 1985 that is designed to meet the needs of the computer to display a picture. Windows 1.0 is a software 16 - bit (not an operating system) running on top of MS - DOS (and some variants of MS - DOS), so he will not be able to run without the operating system DOS. Version 2.x, 3.x versions are the same. Some recent versions of Windows (starting from version 4.0 and Windows NT 3.1) is an independent operating system that is no longer dependent on the operating system MS - DOS. Microsoft Windows and can be developed and can be controlled using the operating system up to 90%. 1.0The first Windows version of Microsoft Windows, called Windows 1.0, released on November 20, 1985. This version has many shortcomings in some functionality, so it is less popular in the market. In the first Windows version 1.0 will be called Interface Manager, but Rowland Hanson, head of marketing at Microsoft Corporation, Microsoft officials assured that the name "Windows" will "lure" customers. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system, but only extends the capabilities of MS - DOS with additional graphical interface. In addition, Windows 1.0 also has the same problems and weaknesses possessed by the MS - DOS.
2.xWindows windows version 2 came out on December 9, 1987, and became a little more popular than its predecessor. Most of the gain in popularity due to its proximity to the graphics application made by Microsoft, Microsoft Excel for Windows and Microsoft Word for Windows. Windows applications can be run from the MS - DOS, and then enter Windows to perform the operation, and will come out by itself when the application closed.Microsoft Windows finally gained a significant improvement when Aldus PageMaker appeared in versions for Windows, which previously could only be run on the Macintosh. Some computer experts noted historians as the emergence of a significant application behavior than by Microsoft as the early success of Microsoft Windows.Windows version 2.0x using real-mode memory model, which is only able to access up to 1 megabyte of memory. In such a configuration, Windows can run a multitasking application other such DESQview, which runs in protected mode offered by Intel 80286.Windows 2.1xFurthermore, two new versions were released, Windows/286 Windows/386 2.1 and 2.1. As with previous versions of Windows, Windows/286 using real-mode memory model, but it is the first version that supports high memory area (HMA). Windows/386 2.1 kernel running in protected mode with emulation Expanded Memory Specification (EMS) standard Lotus - Intel - Microsoft (LIM), the predecessor specification Extended Memory Specification (XMS), and finally change the topology of IBM PC computing. All Windows and DOS-based applications when running in real mode, running over the protected mode kernel using virtual 8086 mode, which is a new feature that is owned by Intel 80386.windows 3.0Windows 3.0 can run in three modes, namely real mode, the mode standard, and 386 Enhanced mode and is compatible with the Intel family of processors from Intel 8086/8088, 80286, 80386 up. Windows 3.0 will try to detect which mode to use, although the user can force Windows to work in a certain mode by using certain switches when running
win / r: force Windows to run in real mode
win / s: force Windows to run in standard mode
win / 3: force Windows to run in 386 Enhanced mode.Version 3.0 is also the first version of Windows that is running in protected mode, although the 386 enhanced mode is an enhanced version of the kernel from the kernel mode Windows/386.Due protected by compatibility features backward, Windows 3.0 application must be compiled using 16-bit environment, so do not use the Intel 80386 microprocessor capability, which is actually a 32-bit processor.OS / 2Microsoft and IBM are working together to develop a replacement for the DOS operating system, called the IBM OS / 2 . OS / 2 can use all the capabilities offered by the Intel 80286 microprocessor and can access up to 16 megabytes of memory. OS / 2 1.0 was released in 1987, featuring swapping and multitasking, in addition to allowing applications to run MS-DOS in it.In the early 1990s, the relationship between Microsoft and IBM are stretched due to the emergence of conflict. This is because they work together in developing a personal computer operating systems, respectively (IBM with OS / 2 and Microsoft with its Windows), both have access to the code of each operating system. Microsoft requires further development of the Windows operating system is created, while IBM has a desire that all his future work should be made based on the operating system OS / 2. In an effort to end this conflict, IBM and Microsoft agreed that IBM would develop the IBM OS / 2 version 2.0 , to replace OS / 2 version 1.3 and Windows 3.0, while Microsoft had to develop a new operating system, OS / 2 version 3.0, which will then replace the OS / 2 version 2.0. This agreement does not last too long, so the relationship was terminated IBM and Microsoft. IBM eventually continue the development of OS / 2, while Microsoft changed the name of the operating system OS / 2 version 3.0 (not yet released) for Windows NT.
WINDOWS 3.1
Microsoft
developed Windows 3.1, which offered some minor fixes for Windows 3.0
(as well as the ability to display the Fonts TrueType fonts, developed
jointly with Apple), and there is also one in which many bug fixes and
support for multimedia. Version 3.1 also removes support for real mode, so it only runs on the protected mode only Intel 80286 microprocessor or higher.
WINDOWS NT
The main architect of Windows NT was Dave Cutler, who is one of the leaders of the VMS operating system architect at the company Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), which was later purchased by Compaq is now part of Hewlett-Packard. Support device driver for Windows NT is also not so much because it was developed for Windows NT driver is considered complicated by some developers, in addition to Windows NT also has superiority in its hardware abstraction model. It made windows NT perfect choice for server market share of the local network (LAN), which in 1993 was experiencing a massive boom, along with commodity network in the office has increased dramatically. Features of the Windows NT network offers multiple connectivity options and an extensive network of course also an efficient NTFS file system.
Windows NT was the first Windows operating system that is created by using a hybrid kernel, after the previous version only uses a monolithic kernel alone.windows 95
WINDOWS NT
The main architect of Windows NT was Dave Cutler, who is one of the leaders of the VMS operating system architect at the company Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), which was later purchased by Compaq is now part of Hewlett-Packard. Support device driver for Windows NT is also not so much because it was developed for Windows NT driver is considered complicated by some developers, in addition to Windows NT also has superiority in its hardware abstraction model. It made windows NT perfect choice for server market share of the local network (LAN), which in 1993 was experiencing a massive boom, along with commodity network in the office has increased dramatically. Features of the Windows NT network offers multiple connectivity options and an extensive network of course also an efficient NTFS file system.
Windows NT was the first Windows operating system that is created by using a hybrid kernel, after the previous version only uses a monolithic kernel alone.windows 95
Microsoft developed Windows 3.1, some minor fixes roomates Offered for Windows 3.0 (as well as the ability to display the Fonts TrueType fonts, developed jointly with Apple), and there is also one in the which many bug fixes and support for multimedia. Version 3.1 also removes support for real mode, so it only runs on the Intel protected mode only 80286 microprocessor or higher.
WINDOWS NT
The main architect of Windows NT was Dave Cutler, who is one of the leaders of the VMS operating system architect at the company Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), which was later purchased by Compaq is now part of Hewlett-Packard. Support device driver for Windows NT is also not so much Because it was developed for Windows NT driver is Considered complicated by some developers, in addition to Windows NT also has superiority in its hardware abstraction models. It made Windows NT perfect choice for server market share of the local network (LAN), the which in 1993 was experiencing a massive boom, along with commodity network in the office has Increased dramatically. Features of the Windows NT network offers multiple connectivity options and an extensive network of course also an efficient NTFS file system.
Windows NT was the first Windows operating system that is created by using a hybrid kernel, after the previous version only uses a monolithic kernel alone.
windows 95
WINDOWS NT 4.0
NT 4.0 has an interface similar to Windows 95, but using the same kernel with Windows NT, making it more stable. Indeed, there is a patch available for Windows NT 3.51 NT 3.51 that can make so much as NT 4.0, but is very unstable and has a lot of bugs.
Windows NT 4.0 comes in four versions:
Windows NT 4.0 Workstation
Windows NT 4.0 Server
Windows NT 4.0 Server, Enterprise Edition (which includes support for clustering and up to 8-way SMP)
Windows NT 4.0 Terminal Server
WINDOWS 98
Windows NT 4.0 comes in four versions:
Windows NT 4.0 Workstation
Windows NT 4.0 Server
Windows NT 4.0 Server, Enterprise Edition (which includes support for clustering and up to 8-way SMP)
Windows NT 4.0 Terminal Server
WINDOWS 98
On June 25, 1998, Microsoft released a new Windows operating system, known as Windows 98. Windows 98 was considered as a minor revision to Windows 95, but it is generally viewed much more stable and reliable than its predecessor, Windows 95. Windows 98 includes many new hardware drivers and supports the FAT32 file system partition to allow better have a capacity greater than 2 gigabytes, the restrictions contained in the Windows 95 and USB support in Windows 98 is also much better than its predecessor.
In 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition, a release which offers much better than previous versions. Internet Connection Sharing, which is a form of Network Address Translation, which allows multiple machines on the local network to be able to use a single Internet connection lines together is also introduced in this version. Many minor problems in Windows long been corrected, which makes Windows 98 by many people as the Windows 9x version of the most stable among all versions of Windows 9x.
WINDOWS 2000
In 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition, a release which offers much better than previous versions. Internet Connection Sharing, which is a form of Network Address Translation, which allows multiple machines on the local network to be able to use a single Internet connection lines together is also introduced in this version. Many minor problems in Windows long been corrected, which makes Windows 98 by many people as the Windows 9x version of the most stable among all versions of Windows 9x.
WINDOWS 2000
Among the features of Windows 2000 Active Directory is the most significant, a model of tissue replacement NT domain network model, which uses technology which is the industry standard, such as the Domain Name System (DNS), Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), and Kerberos for connects between a machine to other woods.
Windows 2000 is available in six editions, namely:
Windows 2000 Professional
Windows 2000 Server
Windows 2000 Advanced Server
Windows 2000 Datacenter Server
Windows 2000 Advanced Server Limited Edition
windows ME
In September 2000, Microsoft introduced Windows Millennium Edition. This is an updated version of Windows 98 with the support of multimedia and the Internet better. This
version also includes the "System Restore," which allows the user to
restore the system to a fine point that is known, when the operating
system fails. The
features included in Windows Me (such as Internet Explorer 5.5, Windows
Media Player 7.0, and Microsoft DirectX 7.1) can even be obtained for
free from the Windows Update site, except for System Restore. As
a result, Windows Me operating system is not regarded as unique among
his brothers of the family of Windows 9x, Windows 95 and Windows 98. Windows Me was also criticized for stability problems, as well as support for MS - DOS runs in real mode. People even called Windows Me as Windows Mistake Edition.
WINDOWS XP
In 2001, Microsoft introduced Windows XP (which was codenamed "Whistler" during development. Finally, after releasing several Windows-based versions of Windows 9x and NT, Microsoft managed to unify the two series of products. Windows XP using the Windows NT 5.1 kernel, makes Windows kernel NT is known for its stability to the home consumer market, to replace a Windows 9x-based products that have been aging 16/32-bit.
Windows XP Home Edition, which is intended for home desktops and laptops.
Windows XP Home Edition N, as usual Home Edition, but do not have Windows Media Player, due to EU regulations do not allow it.
Windows XP Professional, which is intended for power users and businesses.
Windows XP Professional N, the same as the Professional Edition, but do not have Windows Media Player, due to EU regulations do not allow it.
Windows XP Media Center Edition (MCE), released in November 2002, is a Windows XP Home Edition is intended for dektop and laptop with an emphasis on home entertainment.
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2003
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2004
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005, which was released on October 12, 2004.
WINDOWS XP
In 2001, Microsoft introduced Windows XP (which was codenamed "Whistler" during development. Finally, after releasing several Windows-based versions of Windows 9x and NT, Microsoft managed to unify the two series of products. Windows XP using the Windows NT 5.1 kernel, makes Windows kernel NT is known for its stability to the home consumer market, to replace a Windows 9x-based products that have been aging 16/32-bit.
Windows XP Home Edition, which is intended for home desktops and laptops.
Windows XP Home Edition N, as usual Home Edition, but do not have Windows Media Player, due to EU regulations do not allow it.
Windows XP Professional, which is intended for power users and businesses.
Windows XP Professional N, the same as the Professional Edition, but do not have Windows Media Player, due to EU regulations do not allow it.
Windows XP Media Center Edition (MCE), released in November 2002, is a Windows XP Home Edition is intended for dektop and laptop with an emphasis on home entertainment.
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2003
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2004
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005, which was released on October 12, 2004.
WINDOWS VISTA
After achieving great kesukesan with Windows XP, Microsoft does not always just stop developing Windows. The latest version of Windows, called Windows Vista, released on November 30, 2006 for businesses to home users while released on January 30, 2007. Windows Vista was launched in order to have stronger security than previous versions, by introducing a limited user mode , which is called User Account Control (UAC), to replace the philosophy of "administrator-by-default" as it applies to Windows XP. Windows Vista also introduces a feature graph is much more "alluring", which is called Windows Aero GUI, new applications (such as Windows Calendar, Windows DVD Maker and a few new games including Chess Titans, Mahjong, and Purble Place. Additions, Windows Vista also offers version of Microsoft Internet Explorer more secure, as well as a new version of Windows Media Player (version 11).
After achieving great kesukesan with Windows XP, Microsoft does not always just stop developing Windows. The latest version of Windows, called Windows Vista, released on November 30, 2006 for businesses to home users while released on January 30, 2007. Windows Vista was launched in order to have stronger security than previous versions, by introducing a limited user mode , which is called User Account Control (UAC), to replace the philosophy of "administrator-by-default" as it applies to Windows XP. Windows Vista also introduces a feature graph is much more "alluring", which is called Windows Aero GUI, new applications (such as Windows Calendar, Windows DVD Maker and a few new games including Chess Titans, Mahjong, and Purble Place. Additions, Windows Vista also offers version of Microsoft Internet Explorer more secure, as well as a new version of Windows Media Player (version 11).
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